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Paeonia lactiflora Health effects and herbal facts

Paeonia lactiflora is a species of herbaceous perennial flowering plant in the family Paeoniaceae, native to central and eastern Asia from eastern Tibet across northern China to eastern Siberia. It is 50–70 cm tall and broad, with 9-lobed leaves 20–40 cm long. The flower buds appear in late spring. They are large and round, opening into fragrant, cup- or bowl-shaped flowers 8–16 cm in diameter, with 5-10 white, pink, or crimson petals and yellow stamens.

Medical use

Gallery

Geografical distribution

• ASIA-TEMPERATE
  Native
  • Siberia: Russian Federation - Chita
  • Mongolia: Mongolia
  • Russian Far East: Russian Federation - Amur, Primorye
  • China: China - Gansu , Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Monggol, Ningxia , Shaanxi, Shanxi
  • Eastern Asia: Korea, North; Korea, South

Biological activities

11B-HSD-Inhibitor	Kaempferol found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf
5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor	Linoleic-acid found in Root Palmitic-acid found in Root
5-Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor	Kaempferol found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf
ACE-Inhibitor	Astragalin found in Plant Gallic-acid found in Root Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
ATPase-Inhibitor	Quercetin found in Leaf
Acetylcholinergic	Glucose found in Root
Adaptogenic	Paeonol found in Root
Aggregant	Sucrose found in Bud
Aldehyde-Oxidase-Inhibitor	Quercetin found in Leaf
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor	Astragalin found in Plant Daucosterol found in Root Kaempferol found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf Quercimeritrin found in Leaf
Allelochemic	Quercetin found in Leaf
Allergenic	Benzoic-acid found in Root (11000 ppm) Hederagenin found in Root Quercetin found in Leaf
Analgesic	Gallic-acid found in Root Paeoniflorin found in Root (5000 ppm) Paeonol found in Root Quercetin found in Leaf Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Androgenic	Beta-sitosterol found in Flower
Anesthetic	Benzoic-acid found in Root (11000 ppm)
Angiogenic	Beta-sitosterol found in Flower
Angiotensin-Receptor-Blocker	Potassium found in Root (7860 ppm)
Anorexic	Arsenic found in Root (0.12 ppm) Beta-sitosterol found in Flower
Anthelmintic	Tannin found in Root
AntiBPH	Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
AntiCFS	Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm)
AntiGTF	Quercetin found in Leaf
AntiHIV	Gallic-acid found in Root Quercetin found in Leaf Tannin found in Root Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
AntiLyme	Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm)
AntiMRSA	Gallic-acid found in Root
AntiMS	Linoleic-acid found in Root Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm)
AntiPMS	Calcium found in Root (40600 ppm) Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm) Manganese found in Root (20 ppm) Quercetin found in Leaf
Antiacne	Linoleic-acid found in Root Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Antiacrodermatitic	Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Antiadenomic	Beta-sitosterol found in Flower
Antiadenovirus	Gallic-acid found in Root
Antiaflatoxin	Kaempferol found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf
Antiaggregant	Kaempferol found in Leaf Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm) Paeoniflorin found in Root (5000 ppm) Paeonol found in Root Paeonolide found in Root Paeonoside found in Root Quercetin found in Leaf
Antiaging	Quercetin found in Leaf
Antiakathisic	Iron found in Root (47 ppm)
Antialcoholic	Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm) Manganese found in Root (20 ppm) Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Antiallergenic	Gallic-acid found in Root Methyl-gallate found in Root
Antiallergic	Calcium found in Root (40600 ppm) Kaempferol found in Leaf Paeoniflorin found in Root (5000 ppm) Quercetin found in Leaf
Antialopecic	Linoleic-acid found in Root Palmitic-acid found in Root Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Antialzheimeran	Quercetin found in Leaf Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Antianaphylactic	Gallic-acid found in Root Linoleic-acid found in Root Quercetin found in Leaf
Antiandrogenic	Beta-sitosterol found in Flower Linoleic-acid found in Root Palmitic-acid found in Root
Antianemic	Copper found in Root (6 ppm) Iron found in Root (47 ppm) Manganese found in Root (20 ppm)
Antianginal	Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm)
Antiangiogenic	Gallic-acid found in Root Quercetin found in Leaf Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Antianorectic	Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm)
Antianorexic	Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Antianxiety	Calcium found in Root (40600 ppm) Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm)
Antiarrhythmic	Calcium found in Root (40600 ppm) Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm) Potassium found in Root (7860 ppm)
Antiarteriosclerotic	Linoleic-acid found in Root
Antiarthritic	Calcium found in Root (40600 ppm) Copper found in Root (6 ppm) Linoleic-acid found in Root Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm) Manganese found in Root (20 ppm) Quercetin found in Leaf Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Antiasthmatic	Gallic-acid found in Root Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm) Methyl-gallate found in Root Quercetin found in Leaf
Antiatherosclerotic	Calcium found in Root (40600 ppm) Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm) Paeonol found in Root Quercetin found in Leaf
Antibacterial	Benzoic-acid found in Root (11000 ppm) Beta-sitosterol found in Flower Gallic-acid found in Root Kaempferol found in Leaf Methyl-gallate found in Root Paeoniflorin found in Root (5000 ppm) Paeonol found in Root Quercetin found in Leaf Tannin found in Root
Antibronchitic	Gallic-acid found in Root Methyl-gallate found in Root
Anticancer	Gallic-acid found in Root Kaempferol found in Leaf Tannin found in Root
Anticanker	Iron found in Root (47 ppm) Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Anticapillary-Fragility	Hederagenin found in Root
Anticarcinomic	Gallic-acid found in Root
Anticariogenic	Quercetin found in Leaf Tannin found in Root
Anticataract	Quercetin found in Leaf Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Anticephalagic	Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm)
Anticheilitic	Iron found in Root (47 ppm)
Anticlimacteric	Calcium found in Root (40600 ppm) Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm)
Anticoagulant	Paeoniflorin found in Root (5000 ppm)
Anticoeliac	Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Anticold	Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Anticolitic	Quercetin found in Leaf Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Anticomplementary	Quercetin found in Leaf
Anticonvulsant	Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm) Paeoniflorin found in Root (5000 ppm)
Anticoronary	Linoleic-acid found in Root Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm) Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Anticystitic	Quercetin found in Leaf
Antidandruff	Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Antidementia	Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Antidepressant	Calcium found in Root (40600 ppm) Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm) Potassium found in Root (7860 ppm) Quercetin found in Leaf
Antidermatitic	Quercetin found in Leaf
Antidiabetic	Copper found in Root (6 ppm) Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm) Manganese found in Root (20 ppm) Quercetin found in Leaf Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Antidiarrheic	Tannin found in Root
Antidiscotic	Manganese found in Root (20 ppm)
Antidiuretic	Paeoniflorin found in Root (5000 ppm)
Antidysenteric	Tannin found in Root
Antidysgeuzic	Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Antidyskinetic	Manganese found in Root (20 ppm)
Antidysmenorrheic	Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm)
Antieczemic	Linoleic-acid found in Root Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Antiedemic	Beta-sitosterol found in Flower Glucose found in Root Hederagenin found in Root Paeonol found in Root
Antielastase	Quercetin found in Leaf
Antiencephalitic	Quercetin found in Leaf
Antiencephalopathic	Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Antiendometriotic	Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm)
Antienterotic	Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm)
Antiepileptic	Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm) Manganese found in Root (20 ppm) Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Antiescherichic	Gallic-acid found in Root Quercetin found in Leaf
Antiestrogenic	Beta-sitosterol found in Flower Quercetin found in Leaf
Antifatigue	Copper found in Root (6 ppm) Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm) Potassium found in Root (7860 ppm)
Antifeedant	Beta-sitosterol found in Flower Quercetin found in Leaf
Antifertility	Beta-sitosterol found in Flower Kaempferol found in Leaf
Antifibrinolytic	Gallic-acid found in Root Hederagenin found in Root Linoleic-acid found in Root Palmitic-acid found in Root Pentagalloyl-glucose found in Root
Antifibromyalgic	Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm)
Antifibrosarcomic	Quercetin found in Leaf
Antifibrotic	Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Antiflu	Gallic-acid found in Root Quercetin found in Leaf
Antifuruncular	Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Antigastric	Paeonol found in Root Quercetin found in Leaf
Antigastrotic	Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm)
Antigingivitic	Kaempferol found in Leaf
Antiglaucomic	Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm)
Antigonadotrophic	Beta-sitosterol found in Flower
Antigonadotropic	Quercetin found in Leaf
Antigranular	Linoleic-acid found in Root
Antihangover	Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Antihepatotoxic	Gallic-acid found in Root Glucose found in Root Quercetin found in Leaf Tannin found in Root
Antiherpetic	1,2,3,4,6-penta-o-galloyl-glucose found in Root Gallic-acid found in Root Kaempferol found in Leaf Methyl-gallate found in Root Pentagalloyl-glucose found in Root Quercetin found in Leaf Quercimeritrin found in Leaf
Antihiccup	Sucrose found in Bud
Antihistaminic	Kaempferol found in Leaf Linoleic-acid found in Root Quercetin found in Leaf
Antihydrophobic	Quercetin found in Leaf
Antihyperkinetic	Calcium found in Root (40600 ppm) Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm)
Antihyperlipoproteinaemic	Beta-sitosterol found in Flower
Antihypertensive	Calcium found in Root (40600 ppm) Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm) Potassium found in Root (7860 ppm) Quercetin found in Leaf Tannin found in Root
Antihypoglycemic	Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm)
Antiimplantation	Kaempferol found in Leaf
Antiimpotence	Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Antiinfective	Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Antiinfertility	Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Antiinflammatory	Beta-sitosterol found in Flower Copper found in Root (6 ppm) Gallic-acid found in Root Hederagenin found in Root Kaempferol found in Leaf Linoleic-acid found in Root Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm) Paeoniflorin found in Root (5000 ppm) Paeonol found in Root Pentagalloyl-glucose found in Root Quercetin found in Leaf
Antiinsomniac	Calcium found in Root (40600 ppm) Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm) Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Antiketotic	Glucose found in Root
Antileishmanic	Gallic-acid found in Root Quercetin found in Leaf
Antilepric	Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Antileukemic	Astragalin found in Plant Beta-sitosterol found in Flower Daucosterol found in Root Kaempferol found in Leaf Methyl-gallate found in Root Quercetin found in Leaf
Antileukonychic	Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Antileukotriene-D4	Linoleic-acid found in Root
Antileukotriene	Quercetin found in Leaf
Antilipolytic	Tannin found in Root
Antilipoperoxidant	Quercetin found in Leaf
Antilithic	Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm)
Antilymphocytic	Kaempferol found in Leaf
Antilymphomic	Beta-sitosterol found in Flower Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Antimaculitic	Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Antimalarial	Quercetin found in Leaf
Antimastalgic	Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm)
Antimelanomic	Quercetin found in Leaf
Antimenopausal	Calcium found in Root (40600 ppm) Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm)
Antimenorrhagic	Iron found in Root (47 ppm) Linoleic-acid found in Root
Antimetastatic	Quercetin found in Leaf Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Antimigraine	Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm)
Antimitral-valve-prolapse	Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm)
Antimutagenic	Beta-sitosterol found in Flower Gallic-acid found in Root Kaempferol found in Leaf Paeoniflorin found in Root (5000 ppm) Paeonol found in Root Pentagalloyl-glucose found in Root Quercetin found in Leaf Tannin found in Root
Antimyocarditic	Quercetin found in Leaf
Antinephritic	Tannin found in Root
Antinephrolytic	Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm)
Antineuropathic	Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Antineurotic	Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm)
Antinitrosaminic	Gallic-acid found in Root Quercetin found in Leaf
Antinociceptive	Copper found in Root (6 ppm) Quercetin found in Leaf
Antinyctalopic	Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Antiobesity	Calcium found in Root (40600 ppm) Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Antiophidic	Beta-sitosterol found in Flower Tannin found in Root
Antiophthalmic	Sucrose found in Bud
Antiosteoporotic	Calcium found in Root (40600 ppm) Copper found in Root (6 ppm) Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm) Manganese found in Root (20 ppm) Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Antiotitic	Benzoic-acid found in Root (11000 ppm)
Antiototic	Manganese found in Root (20 ppm)
Antioxidant	Beta-sitosterol found in Flower Gallic-acid found in Root Kaempferol found in Leaf Manganese found in Root (20 ppm) Methyl-gallate found in Root Palmitic-acid found in Root Quercetin found in Leaf Sucrose found in Bud Tannin found in Root
Antioxytocic	Paeoniflorin found in Root (5000 ppm)
Antipancreatitic	Quercetin found in Leaf
Antiperiodontal	Quercetin found in Leaf
Antiperiodontic	Kaempferol found in Leaf
Antiperiodontitic	Calcium found in Root (40600 ppm) Gallic-acid found in Root Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Antiperistaltic	Quercetin found in Leaf
Antipermeability	Quercetin found in Leaf
Antiperoxidant	Gallic-acid found in Root Quercetin found in Leaf
Antipharyngitic	Quercetin found in Leaf
Antiplaque	Kaempferol found in Leaf Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm) Quercetin found in Leaf Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Antiplasmodial	Quercetin found in Leaf
Antipodriac	Quercetin found in Leaf
Antipolio	Gallic-acid found in Root Quercetin found in Leaf
Antiprogestational	Beta-sitosterol found in Flower
Antiprolactin	Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Antiproliferant	Quercetin found in Leaf
Antiprostaglandin	Beta-sitosterol found in Flower
Antiprostanoid	Quercetin found in Leaf
Antiprostatadenomic	Beta-sitosterol found in Flower
Antiprostatitic	Beta-sitosterol found in Flower Linoleic-acid found in Root Quercetin found in Leaf Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Antiproteolytic	Gallic-acid found in Root
Antipsoriac	Quercetin found in Leaf
Antipyretic	Benzoic-acid found in Root (11000 ppm) Beta-sitosterol found in Flower Paeonol found in Root
Antiradicular	Gallic-acid found in Root Kaempferol found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf Tannin found in Root
Antirenitic	Tannin found in Root
Antiretinopathic	Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm)
Antirheumatic	Calcium found in Root (40600 ppm) Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Antisalmonella	Benzoic-acid found in Root (11000 ppm)
Antiseptic	Benzoic-acid found in Root (11000 ppm) Gallic-acid found in Root Kaempferol found in Leaf Methyl-gallate found in Root Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Antiserotonin	Kaempferol found in Leaf
Antispare-Tire	Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Antispasmodic	Daucosterol found in Root Kaempferol found in Leaf Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm) Paeoniflorin found in Root (5000 ppm) Potassium found in Root (7860 ppm) Quercetin found in Leaf
Antispasmophilic	Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm)
Antistaphylococcic	Gallic-acid found in Root Kaempferol found in Leaf Methyl-gallate found in Root Paeonol found in Root
Antistomatitic	Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Antistreptococcic	Quercetin found in Leaf
Antistress	Calcium found in Root (40600 ppm) Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm) Paeonol found in Root
Antistroke	Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm) Potassium found in Root (7860 ppm)
Antisyndrome-X	Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm) Manganese found in Root (20 ppm) Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Antithiamin	Quercetin found in Leaf
Antithrombic	Quercetin found in Leaf
Antitic	Calcium found in Root (40600 ppm)
Antitinnitic	Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Antitriglyceride	Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Antitrypanosomic	Hederagenin found in Root Quercetin found in Leaf
Antitumor-Promoter	Gallic-acid found in Root Kaempferol found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf Tannin found in Root
Antitumor	Daucosterol found in Root Gallic-acid found in Root Kaempferol found in Leaf Methyl-gallate found in Root Quercetin found in Leaf Tannin found in Root
Antiulcer	Kaempferol found in Leaf Paeoniflorin found in Root (5000 ppm) Quercetin found in Leaf Tannin found in Root Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Antivaricose	Glucose found in Root
Antivasculitic	Paeonol found in Root
Antiviral	1,2,3,4,6-penta-o-galloyl-glucose found in Root Beta-sitosterol found in Flower Gallic-acid found in Root Kaempferol found in Leaf Methyl-gallate found in Root Pentagalloyl-glucose found in Root Quercetin found in Leaf Quercimeritrin found in Leaf Tannin found in Root
Antiyeast	Benzoic-acid found in Root (11000 ppm)
Anxiolytic	Calcium found in Root (40600 ppm) Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm) Potassium found in Root (7860 ppm)
Apoptotic	Beta-sitosterol found in Flower Gallic-acid found in Root Kaempferol found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf
Aromatase-Inhibitor	Kaempferol found in Leaf
Artemicide	Beta-sitosterol found in Flower
Astringent	Gallic-acid found in Root Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Atherogenic	Sucrose found in Bud
Bacteristat	Gallic-acid found in Root Quercetin found in Leaf
Beta-Blocker	Potassium found in Root (7860 ppm)
Bradycardiac	Quercetin found in Leaf
Bronchodilator	Gallic-acid found in Root
CNS-Depressant	Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm) Paeoniflorin found in Root (5000 ppm)
COMT-Inhibitor	Quercetin found in Leaf
COX-2-Inhibitor	Kaempferol found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf
Calcium-Antagonist	Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm)
Calcium-Channel-Blocker	Calcium found in Root (40600 ppm)
Calmodulin-Antagonist	Quercetin found in Leaf
Cancer-Preventive	Beta-sitosterol found in Flower Gallic-acid found in Root Kaempferol found in Leaf Linoleic-acid found in Root Quercetin found in Leaf Tannin found in Root
Candidicide	Beta-sitosterol found in Flower Gallic-acid found in Root Quercetin found in Leaf
Capillariprotective	Quercetin found in Leaf
Carcinogenic	Gallic-acid found in Root Kaempferol found in Leaf Linoleic-acid found in Root Quercetin found in Leaf Tannin found in Root
Cardioprotective	Copper found in Root (6 ppm) Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm) Potassium found in Root (7860 ppm)
Cardiotoxic	Potassium found in Root (7860 ppm)
Caspase-8-Inducer	Beta-sitosterol found in Flower
Catabolic	Quercetin found in Leaf
Chelator	Tannin found in Root
Choleretic	Benzoic-acid found in Root (11000 ppm) Gallic-acid found in Root Kaempferol found in Leaf
Collagenic	Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Collyrium	Sucrose found in Bud
Comedolytic	Linoleic-acid found in Root
Contraceptive	Copper found in Root (6 ppm)
Copper-Antagonist	Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Copper-Chelator	Kaempferol found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf
Cyclooxygenase-Inhibitor	Gallic-acid found in Root Kaempferol found in Leaf Pentagalloyl-glucose found in Root Quercetin found in Leaf Tannin found in Root
Cytochrome-P450-1A2-Inhibitor	Quercetin found in Leaf
Cytotoxic	Gallic-acid found in Root Kaempferol found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf
Dehydrogenase-Inhibitor	Pentagalloyl-glucose found in Root
Deiodinase-Inhibitor	Quercetin found in Leaf
Demulcent	Sucrose found in Bud
Deodorant	Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Differentiator	Quercetin found in Leaf
Diuretic	Calcium found in Root (40600 ppm) Kaempferol found in Leaf Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm) Paeonol found in Root Potassium found in Root (7860 ppm)
Ergogenic	Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Estrogenic	Beta-sitosterol found in Flower Kaempferol found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf
Expectorant	Astragalin found in Plant Benzoic-acid found in Root (11000 ppm)
FLavor	Benzoic-acid found in Root (11000 ppm) Palmitic-acid found in Root
Febrifuge	Beta-sitosterol found in Flower
Flatugenic	Sucrose found in Bud
Floral-Inhibitor	Gallic-acid found in Root
Fungicide	Benzoic-acid found in Root (11000 ppm) Hederagenin found in Root Kaempferol found in Leaf Paeonol found in Root Quercetin found in Leaf
Glucosyl-Transferase-Inhibitor	Quercetin found in Leaf Tannin found in Root
Gonadotrophic	Beta-sitosterol found in Flower
HIV-RT-Inhibitor	Kaempferol found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf
Hemolytic	Palmitic-acid found in Root
Hemostat	Gallic-acid found in Root Paeonol found in Root Quercetin found in Leaf
Hepatomagenic	Quercetin found in Leaf
Hepatoprotective	Beta-sitosterol found in Flower Gallic-acid found in Root Kaempferol found in Leaf Linoleic-acid found in Root Quercetin found in Leaf Tannin found in Root
Hypercholesterolemic	Palmitic-acid found in Root Sucrose found in Bud
Hyperglycemic	Glucose found in Root
Hypertensive	Sodium found in Root (286 ppm)
Hypocholesterolemic	Beta-sitosterol found in Flower Calcium found in Root (40600 ppm) Copper found in Root (6 ppm) Linoleic-acid found in Root Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm)
Hypoglycemic	Beta-sitosterol found in Flower Daucosterol found in Root Manganese found in Root (20 ppm) Quercetin found in Leaf
Hypolipidemic	Beta-sitosterol found in Flower
Hypotensive	Astragalin found in Plant Calcium found in Root (40600 ppm) Kaempferol found in Leaf Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm) Paeoniflorin found in Root (5000 ppm) Potassium found in Root (7860 ppm) Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Hypothermic	Paeoniflorin found in Root (5000 ppm) Paeonol found in Root
ICAM-1-Inhibitor	Kaempferol found in Leaf
Immunomodulator	Copper found in Root (6 ppm) Gallic-acid found in Root Linoleic-acid found in Root Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm) Paeonol found in Root Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Immunostimulant	Astragalin found in Plant Gallic-acid found in Root Paeoniflorin found in Root (5000 ppm) Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Immunosuppressant	Gallic-acid found in Root Tannin found in Root Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Inotropic	Kaempferol found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf
Insectifuge	Benzoic-acid found in Root (11000 ppm) Linoleic-acid found in Root
Insectiphile	Quercimeritrin found in Leaf
Insulin-Sparing	Gallic-acid found in Root
Insulinogenic	Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm) Quercetin found in Leaf Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Iodothyronine-Deiodinase-Inhibitor	Kaempferol found in Leaf
JNK-Inhibitor	Kaempferol found in Leaf
Juvabional	Quercetin found in Leaf
Larvistat	Quercetin found in Leaf
Laxative	Calcium found in Root (40600 ppm) Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm)
Leptingenic	Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor	Kaempferol found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf Tannin found in Root
Litholytic	Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm)
Lubricant	Palmitic-acid found in Root
MAO-A-Inhibitor	Quercetin found in Leaf
MAO-Inhibitor	Kaempferol found in Leaf Tannin found in Root
MMP-9-Inhibitor	Quercetin found in Leaf
Mast-Cell-Stabilizer	Quercetin found in Leaf
Memory-Enhancer	Glucose found in Root
Metalloproteinase-Inhibitor	Quercetin found in Leaf
Metastatic	Linoleic-acid found in Root
Molluscicide	Hederagenin found in Root
Mucogenic	Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Musculotropic	Paeoniflorin found in Root (5000 ppm)
Mutagenic	Kaempferol found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf
Myorelaxant	Gallic-acid found in Root Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm) Paeoniflorin found in Root (5000 ppm)
NADH-Oxidase-Inhibitor	Quercetin found in Leaf
NEP-Inhibitor	Quercetin found in Leaf
NF-kB-Inhibitor	Quercetin found in Leaf Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
NO-Inhibitor	Gallic-acid found in Root Kaempferol found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf
NO-Synthase-Inhibitor	Quercetin found in Leaf
Natriuretic	Kaempferol found in Leaf
Nematicide	Linoleic-acid found in Root Palmitic-acid found in Root
Nephrotoxic	Gallic-acid found in Root
Neuromuscular-Blocker	Paeoniflorigenone found in Root (400 ppm)
Neuroprotective	Kaempferol found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf
Neurotransmitter	Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm)
Ornithine-Decarboxylase-Inhibitor	Quercetin found in Leaf Tannin found in Root
P450-Inducer	Quercetin found in Leaf
P450-Inhibitor	Quercetin found in Leaf
PAF-Inhibitor	Kaempferol found in Leaf
PGE2-Inhibitor	Quercetin found in Leaf
PTK-Inhibitor	Quercetin found in Leaf
Pesticide	1,2,3,4,6-penta-o-galloyl-glucose found in Root Arsenic found in Root (0.12 ppm) Benzoic-acid found in Root (11000 ppm) Beta-sitosterol found in Flower Gallic-acid found in Root Hederagenin found in Root Kaempferol found in Leaf Methyl-gallate found in Root Paeonol found in Root Palmitic-acid found in Root Pentagalloyl-glucose found in Root Quercetin found in Leaf Quercimeritrin found in Leaf Tannin found in Root Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Phospholipase-Inhibitor	Quercetin found in Leaf
Phytoalexin	Benzoic-acid found in Root (11000 ppm)
Plasmodicide	Quercetin found in Leaf
Preservative	Sucrose found in Bud
Proliferant	Quercetin found in Leaf
Prooxidant	Iron found in Root (47 ppm)
Propecic	Linoleic-acid found in Root Palmitic-acid found in Root
Prostaglandin-Synthesis-Inhibitor	Quercetin found in Leaf
Protein-Kinase-C-Inhibitor	Quercetin found in Leaf
Protisticide	Kaempferol found in Leaf
Psychotropic	Tannin found in Root
Quinone-Reductase-Inducer	Kaempferol found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf
Reverse-Transcriptase-Inhibitor	Methyl-gallate found in Root
Schizophrenigenic	Copper found in Root (6 ppm)
Sedative	Paeonol found in Root
Soap	Palmitic-acid found in Root
Spermicide	Beta-sitosterol found in Flower
Spermigenic	Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Styptic	Gallic-acid found in Root
Sweetener	Sucrose found in Bud
TNF-alpha-Inhibitor	Kaempferol found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf
Teratologic	Kaempferol found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf
Testosteronigenic	Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Topoisomerase-I-Inhibitor	Gallic-acid found in Root Kaempferol found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf
Topoisomerase-II-Inhibitor	Kaempferol found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf
Tranquilizer	Calcium found in Root (40600 ppm) Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm)
Trichomonicide	Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Triglycerigenic	Sucrose found in Bud
Tumorigenic	Quercetin found in Leaf
Tyrosinase-Inhibitor	Benzoic-acid found in Root (11000 ppm) Kaempferol found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf
Tyrosine-Kinase-Inhibitor	Quercetin found in Leaf
Ubiquiot	Beta-sitosterol found in Flower
Ulcerogenic	Beta-sitosterol found in Flower
Uricogenic	Sucrose found in Bud
Uricosuric	Benzoic-acid found in Root (11000 ppm)
Uterorelaxant	Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm)
Uterosedative	Paeoniflorin found in Root (5000 ppm)
Uterotrophic	Kaempferol found in Leaf
VEGF-Inhibitor	Quercetin found in Leaf
Vasodilator	Calcium found in Root (40600 ppm) Kaempferol found in Leaf Magnesium found in Root (990 ppm) Paeoniflorin found in Root (5000 ppm) Potassium found in Root (7860 ppm) Quercetin found in Leaf
Vulnerary	Benzoic-acid found in Root (11000 ppm) Sucrose found in Bud Zinc found in Root (24 ppm)
Xanthine-Oxidase-Inhibitor	Gallic-acid found in Root Methyl-gallate found in Root Quercetin found in Leaf Tannin found in Root
cAMP-Phosphodiesterase-Inhibitor	Kaempferol found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf
iNOS-Inhibitor	Kaempferol found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf

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