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Echinacea spp Health effects and herbal facts

Gallery

Biological activities

11B-HSD-Inhibitor	Apigenin found in Leaf Kaempferol found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf
5-Alpha-Reductase-Inhibitor	Palmitic-acid found in Root
5-HT-Inhibitor	Rutin found in Leaf
5-Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor	Kaempferol found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf
ACE-Inhibitor	Myrcene found in Fruit Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
AChE-Inhibitor	Limonene found in Fruit
AP-1-Inhibitor	Selenium found in Root (0.5 ppm)
ATPase-Inhibitor	Quercetin found in Leaf
Abortifacient	Betaine found in Root
Acaricide	Limonene found in Fruit
Acidulant	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm)
Aedifuge	Ponticaepoxide found in Root
Alcohol-Dehydrogenase-Inhibitor	Inulin found in Root (200000 ppm)
Aldehyde-Oxidase-Inhibitor	Quercetin found in Leaf Rutin found in Leaf
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Caffeic-acid found in Plant Caryophyllene found in Root (42 ppm) Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot Kaempferol found in Leaf Luteolin found in Leaf Luteolin-7-glucoside found in Leaf Myrcene found in Fruit Quercetin found in Leaf Rutin found in Leaf Verbascoside found in Root
Allelochemic	Alpha-pinene found in Fruit Borneol found in Plant Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot Limonene found in Fruit Quercetin found in Leaf Rutin found in Leaf Vanillin found in Plant
Allelopathic	Ferulic-acid found in Plant
Allergenic	Alpha-pinene found in Fruit Beta-carotene found in Root (2.2 ppm) Beta-pinene found in Fruit Caffeic-acid found in Plant Caryophyllene found in Root (42 ppm) Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot Limonene found in Fruit Myrcene found in Fruit Niacin found in Root (17 ppm) Quercetin found in Leaf Vanillin found in Plant
Analgesic	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Borneol found in Plant Caffeic-acid found in Plant Caryophyllene found in Root (42 ppm) Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot Ferulic-acid found in Plant Myrcene found in Fruit Quercetin found in Leaf Selenium found in Root (0.5 ppm) Thiamin found in Root (2.6 ppm) Verbascoside found in Root Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Androgenic	Beta-sitosterol found in Shoot
Angiogenic	Beta-sitosterol found in Shoot
Angiotensin-Receptor-Blocker	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Fiber found in Root (111000 ppm) Potassium found in Root (8090 ppm)
Anorexic	Beta-sitosterol found in Shoot Selenium found in Root (0.5 ppm)
AntiADD	Apigenin found in Leaf
AntiAGE	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Chromium found in Root (19 ppm)
AntiBPH	Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
AntiCFS	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Chromium found in Root (19 ppm) Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm)
AntiCTS	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm)
AntiCVI	Rutin found in Leaf
AntiEBV	Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot
AntiGTF	Quercetin found in Leaf
AntiHIV-Integrase	Cichoric-acid found in Flower (31000 ppm);found in Root (21000 ppm)
AntiHIV	Apigenin found in Leaf Caffeic-acid found in Plant Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot Cichoric-acid found in Flower (31000 ppm);found in Root (21000 ppm) Kaempferol-3-o-glucoside found in Leaf Luteolin found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf Selenium found in Root (0.5 ppm) Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
AntiLegionella	Caffeic-acid found in Plant Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot
AntiLyme	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm) Niacin found in Root (17 ppm) Riboflavin found in Bark (3 ppm) Thiamin found in Root (2.6 ppm)
AntiMS	Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm)
AntiNF-kB	Selenium found in Root (0.5 ppm)
AntiPMS	Beta-carotene found in Root (2.2 ppm) Calcium found in Root (7760 ppm) Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm) Manganese found in Root (101 ppm) Quercetin found in Leaf
Antiacetylcholine	Borneol found in Plant
Antiacetylcholinesterase	Limonene found in Fruit
Antiacne	Alpha-pinene found in Fruit Beta-carotene found in Root (2.2 ppm) Caryophyllene found in Root (42 ppm) Chromium found in Root (19 ppm) Selenium found in Root (0.5 ppm) Tin found in Root (1.7 ppm) Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Antiacrodermatitic	Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Antiacrodynic	Niacin found in Root (17 ppm)
Antiadenomic	Beta-sitosterol found in Shoot Limonene found in Fruit
Antiadenoviral	Caffeic-acid found in Plant
Antiaflatoxin	Apigenin found in Leaf Kaempferol found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf
Antiaggregant	Apigenin found in Leaf Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Caffeic-acid found in Plant Ferulic-acid found in Plant Kaempferol found in Leaf Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm) Quercetin found in Leaf Rutin found in Leaf Rutoside found in Leaf Selenium found in Root (0.5 ppm)
Antiaging	Apigenin found in Leaf Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Beta-carotene found in Root (2.2 ppm) Caffeic-acid found in Plant Chromium found in Root (19 ppm) Quercetin found in Leaf
Antiakathisic	Iron found in Root (4800 ppm)
Antialcoholic	Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm) Manganese found in Root (101 ppm) Thiamin found in Root (2.6 ppm) Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Antiallergic	Apigenin found in Leaf Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Calcium found in Root (7760 ppm) Ferulic-acid found in Plant Kaempferol found in Leaf Luteolin found in Leaf Niacin found in Root (17 ppm) Quercetin found in Leaf Rutin found in Leaf
Antialopecic	Palmitic-acid found in Root Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Antialzheimeran	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Niacin found in Root (17 ppm) Quercetin found in Leaf Thiamin found in Root (2.6 ppm) Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Antiamblyopic	Niacin found in Root (17 ppm)
Antianaphylactic	Quercetin found in Leaf
Antiandrogenic	Beta-sitosterol found in Shoot Palmitic-acid found in Root
Antianemic	Iron found in Root (4800 ppm) Manganese found in Root (101 ppm) Vanillin found in Plant
Antianginal	Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm) Niacin found in Root (17 ppm)
Antiangiogenic	Apigenin found in Leaf Luteolin found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf Selenium found in Root (0.5 ppm) Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Antianorectic	Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm) Thiamin found in Root (2.6 ppm)
Antianorexic	Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Antianxiety	Calcium found in Root (7760 ppm) Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm)
Antiapoplectic	Rutin found in Leaf
Antiarabiflavinotic	Riboflavin found in Bark (3 ppm)
Antiarrhythmic	Apigenin found in Leaf Calcium found in Root (7760 ppm) Ferulic-acid found in Plant Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm) Potassium found in Root (8090 ppm)
Antiarteriosclerotic	Silicon found in Root (8 ppm)
Antiarthritic	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Beta-carotene found in Root (2.2 ppm) Calcium found in Root (7760 ppm) Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm) Manganese found in Root (101 ppm) Quercetin found in Leaf Selenium found in Root (0.5 ppm) Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Antiasthmatic	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Beta-carotene found in Root (2.2 ppm) Caryophyllene found in Root (42 ppm) Limonene found in Fruit Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm) Quercetin found in Leaf Selenium found in Root (0.5 ppm)
Antiatherogenic	Caffeic-acid found in Plant Luteolin found in Leaf Rutin found in Leaf
Antiatherosclerotic	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Calcium found in Root (7760 ppm) Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot Chromium found in Root (19 ppm) Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm) Quercetin found in Leaf Rutin found in Leaf Selenium found in Root (0.5 ppm)
Antibackache	Thiamin found in Root (2.6 ppm)
Antiberiberi	Thiamin found in Root (2.6 ppm)
Antibronchitic	Borneol found in Plant
Anticancer	Beta-carotene found in Root (2.2 ppm) Caffeic-acid found in Plant Kaempferol found in Leaf Limonene found in Fruit Rutin found in Leaf Vanillin found in Plant
Anticanker	Iron found in Root (4800 ppm) Thiamin found in Root (2.6 ppm) Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Anticapillary-Fragility	Rutin found in Leaf Rutoside found in Leaf
Anticarcinogenic	Caffeic-acid found in Plant Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot Ferulic-acid found in Plant Luteolin found in Leaf
Anticarcinomic	Beta-carotene found in Root (2.2 ppm) Luteolin found in Leaf
Anticardiospasmic	Thiamin found in Root (2.6 ppm)
Anticariogenic	Caryophyllene found in Root (42 ppm) Quercetin found in Leaf
Anticarpal-Tunnel	Riboflavin found in Bark (3 ppm)
Anticataract	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Luteolin found in Leaf Niacin found in Root (17 ppm) Quercetin found in Leaf Riboflavin found in Bark (3 ppm) Rutin found in Leaf Selenium found in Root (0.5 ppm) Thiamin found in Root (2.6 ppm) Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Anticephalagic	Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm) Riboflavin found in Bark (3 ppm)
Anticervicaldysplasic	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Beta-carotene found in Root (2.2 ppm) Riboflavin found in Bark (3 ppm)
Anticheilitic	Iron found in Root (4800 ppm) Riboflavin found in Bark (3 ppm)
Antichilblain	Niacin found in Root (17 ppm)
Anticirrhotic	Selenium found in Root (0.5 ppm)
Anticlastogen	Rutin found in Leaf
Anticlimacteric	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Calcium found in Root (7760 ppm) Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm) Selenium found in Root (0.5 ppm)
Anticoeliac	Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Anticold	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Anticolitic	Quercetin found in Leaf Thiamin found in Root (2.6 ppm) Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Anticomplementary	Apigenin found in Leaf Arabinogalactan found in Root Luteolin found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf
Anticonvulsant	Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm) Myrcene found in Fruit Niacin found in Root (17 ppm) Rutin found in Leaf
Anticorneotic	Chromium found in Root (19 ppm)
Anticoronary	Beta-carotene found in Root (2.2 ppm) Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm) Selenium found in Root (0.5 ppm) Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Anticystitic	Quercetin found in Leaf
Antidandruff	Selenium found in Root (0.5 ppm) Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Antidecubitic	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Riboflavin found in Bark (3 ppm) Thiamin found in Root (2.6 ppm)
Antideliriant	Thiamin found in Root (2.6 ppm)
Antidementia	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Niacin found in Root (17 ppm) Rutin found in Leaf Thiamin found in Root (2.6 ppm) Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Antidepressant	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Caffeic-acid found in Plant Calcium found in Root (7760 ppm) Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm) Potassium found in Root (8090 ppm) Quercetin found in Leaf Selenium found in Root (0.5 ppm)
Antidermatic	Luteolin found in Leaf Luteolin-7-glucoside found in Leaf
Antidermatitic	Apigenin found in Leaf Caryophyllene found in Root (42 ppm) Niacin found in Root (17 ppm) Quercetin found in Leaf Rutin found in Leaf
Antidiabetic	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot Chromium found in Root (19 ppm) Fiber found in Root (111000 ppm) Inulin found in Root (200000 ppm) Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm) Manganese found in Root (101 ppm) Niacin found in Root (17 ppm) Quercetin found in Leaf Rutin found in Leaf Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Antidiarrheic	Inulin found in Root (200000 ppm)
Antidiscotic	Manganese found in Root (101 ppm)
Antidrepanocytic	Vanillin found in Plant
Antidysgeuzic	Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Antidyskinetic	Manganese found in Root (101 ppm)
Antidysmenorrheic	Ferulic-acid found in Plant Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm)
Antidyspeptic	Cynarin found in Root Thiamin found in Root (2.6 ppm)
Antidysphagic	Niacin found in Root (17 ppm)
Antieczemic	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Antiedemic	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Beta-sitosterol found in Shoot Caffeic-acid found in Plant Caryophyllene found in Root (42 ppm) Rutin found in Leaf
Antielastase	Caffeic-acid found in Plant Quercetin found in Leaf
Antiencephalitic	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Quercetin found in Leaf
Antiencephalopathic	Thiamin found in Root (2.6 ppm) Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Antiendometriotic	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm)
Antienterotic	Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm)
Antiepileptic	Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm) Manganese found in Root (101 ppm) Niacin found in Root (17 ppm) Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Antierythemic	Rutin found in Leaf
Antiescherichic	Borneol found in Plant Caffeic-acid found in Plant Quercetin found in Leaf Vanillin found in Plant
Antiesophagitic	Limonene found in Fruit
Antiestrogenic	Apigenin found in Leaf Beta-sitosterol found in Shoot Ferulic-acid found in Plant Luteolin found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf
Antifatigue	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Chromium found in Root (19 ppm) Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm) Potassium found in Root (8090 ppm) Thiamin found in Root (2.6 ppm)
Antifeedant	Alpha-pinene found in Fruit Beta-sitosterol found in Shoot Borneol found in Plant Bornyl-acetate found in Plant Caryophyllene found in Root (42 ppm) Caryophyllene-epoxide found in Root (26 ppm) Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot Limonene found in Fruit Luteolin found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf Rutin found in Leaf Verbascoside found in Root
Antifertility	Beta-sitosterol found in Shoot Kaempferol found in Leaf
Antifibrinolytic	Palmitic-acid found in Root
Antifibromyalgic	Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm)
Antifibrosarcomic	Quercetin found in Leaf
Antifibrotic	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Selenium found in Root (0.5 ppm) Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Antiflu	Alpha-pinene found in Fruit Caffeic-acid found in Plant Cichoric-acid found in Flower (31000 ppm);found in Root (21000 ppm) Echinacoside found in Root (17000 ppm) Limonene found in Fruit Quercetin found in Leaf
Antifuruncular	Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Antigallstone	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm)
Antigastric	Quercetin found in Leaf
Antigastritic	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Betaine found in Root Thiamin found in Root (2.6 ppm)
Antigastrotic	Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm)
Antigenotoxic	Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot
Antigingivitic	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Kaempferol found in Leaf
Antiglaucomic	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm) Rutin found in Leaf
Antiglossitic	Riboflavin found in Bark (3 ppm)
Antiglycosuric	Chromium found in Root (19 ppm)
Antigonadotrophic	Beta-sitosterol found in Shoot
Antigonadotropic	Caffeic-acid found in Plant Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot Quercetin found in Leaf
Antigout	Selenium found in Root (0.5 ppm)
Antihangover	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Niacin found in Root (17 ppm) Thiamin found in Root (2.6 ppm) Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Antiheartburn	Thiamin found in Root (2.6 ppm)
Antihematuric	Rutin found in Leaf
Antihemolytic	3,5-dicaffeoyl-quinic-acid found in Plant Caffeic-acid found in Plant Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot
Antihemorrhagic	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm)
Antihemorrhoidal	Rutin found in Leaf
Antihepatitic	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm)
Antihepatoadenomic	Caffeic-acid found in Plant
Antihepatotoxic	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Caffeic-acid found in Plant Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot Echinacoside found in Root (17000 ppm) Ferulic-acid found in Plant Quercetin found in Leaf Rutin found in Leaf Stigmasterol found in Shoot Verbascoside found in Root
Antiherpetic	Apigenin found in Leaf Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Caffeic-acid found in Plant Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot Ferulic-acid found in Plant Kaempferol found in Leaf Luteolin found in Leaf Luteolin-7-glucoside found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf Rutin found in Leaf Thiamin found in Root (2.6 ppm)
Antihistaminic	Apigenin found in Leaf Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Caffeic-acid found in Plant Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot Kaempferol found in Leaf Luteolin found in Leaf Niacin found in Root (17 ppm) Quercetin found in Leaf Rutin found in Leaf
Antihomocystinuric	Betaine found in Root
Antihydrophobic	Quercetin found in Leaf
Antihyperactivity	Niacin found in Root (17 ppm)
Antihypercholesterolemic	Caffeic-acid found in Plant Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot
Antihyperkeratotic	Beta-carotene found in Root (2.2 ppm)
Antihyperkinetic	Calcium found in Root (7760 ppm) Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm)
Antihyperlipoproteinaemic	Beta-sitosterol found in Shoot
Antihypertensive	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Calcium found in Root (7760 ppm) Fiber found in Root (111000 ppm) Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm) Potassium found in Root (8090 ppm) Quercetin found in Leaf Rutin found in Leaf Verbascoside found in Root
Antihyperthyroid	Caffeic-acid found in Plant Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot
Antihypoglycemic	Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm)
Antiichythyotic	Beta-carotene found in Root (2.2 ppm)
Antiimplantation	Kaempferol found in Leaf
Antiimpotence	Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Antiinfective	Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Antiinfertility	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Antiinflammatory	Alpha-pinene found in Fruit Apigenin found in Leaf Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Beta-pinene found in Fruit Beta-sitosterol found in Shoot Borneol found in Plant Caffeic-acid found in Plant Caryophyllene found in Root (42 ppm) Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot Ferulic-acid found in Plant Kaempferol found in Leaf Limonene found in Fruit Luteolin found in Leaf Luteolin-7-glucoside found in Leaf Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm) Quercetin found in Leaf Rutin found in Leaf Stigmasterol found in Shoot Verbascoside found in Root
Antiinsomniac	Calcium found in Root (7760 ppm) Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm) Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Antiinsomnic	Niacin found in Root (17 ppm)
Antikeratitic	Riboflavin found in Bark (3 ppm)
Antikeshan	Selenium found in Root (0.5 ppm)
Antilactobacillic	Vanillin found in Plant
Antileishmanic	Arabinogalactan found in Root Caryophyllene found in Root (42 ppm) Quercetin found in Leaf
Antilepric	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Antileukemic	Apigenin found in Leaf Beta-sitosterol found in Shoot Caffeic-acid found in Plant Ferulic-acid found in Plant Kaempferol found in Leaf Luteolin found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf Selenium found in Root (0.5 ppm) Verbascoside found in Root
Antileukonychic	Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Antileukoplakic	Beta-carotene found in Root (2.2 ppm)
Antileukotriene	Caffeic-acid found in Plant Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot Quercetin found in Leaf Selenium found in Root (0.5 ppm)
Antilipolytic	Cynarin found in Root
Antilipoperoxidant	Beta-carotene found in Root (2.2 ppm) Quercetin found in Leaf
Antilisteria	Vanillin found in Plant
Antilithic	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Limonene found in Fruit Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm)
Antilupus	Beta-carotene found in Root (2.2 ppm)
Antilymphocytic	Kaempferol found in Leaf
Antilymphomic	Beta-sitosterol found in Shoot Limonene found in Fruit Luteolin found in Leaf Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Antimaculitic	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Beta-carotene found in Root (2.2 ppm) Selenium found in Root (0.5 ppm) Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Antimalarial	Humulene found in Root (12 ppm) Quercetin found in Leaf Rutin found in Leaf
Antimastalgic	Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm)
Antimastitic	Beta-carotene found in Root (2.2 ppm)
Antimeasles	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm)
Antimelanogenic	Caffeic-acid found in Plant Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot
Antimelanomic	Apigenin found in Leaf Luteolin found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf Rutin found in Leaf Selenium found in Root (0.5 ppm)
Antimenopausal	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Calcium found in Root (7760 ppm) Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm) Selenium found in Root (0.5 ppm)
Antimenorrhagic	Iron found in Root (4800 ppm)
Antimetastatic	Apigenin found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf Rutin found in Leaf Selenium found in Root (0.5 ppm) Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Antimigraine	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm) Riboflavin found in Bark (3 ppm) Thiamin found in Root (2.6 ppm)
Antimitotic	Ferulic-acid found in Plant
Antimitral-valve-prolapse	Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm)
Antimutagenic	Apigenin found in Leaf Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Beta-carotene found in Root (2.2 ppm) Beta-sitosterol found in Shoot Caffeic-acid found in Plant Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot Ferulic-acid found in Plant Kaempferol found in Leaf Limonene found in Fruit Luteolin found in Leaf Myrcene found in Fruit Quercetin found in Leaf Rutin found in Leaf Vanillin found in Plant
Antimyalgic	Selenium found in Root (0.5 ppm)
Antimyoatrophic	Betaine found in Root
Antimyocarditic	Quercetin found in Leaf Thiamin found in Root (2.6 ppm)
Antineoplastic	Ferulic-acid found in Plant
Antinephritic	Rutin found in Leaf
Antinephrolytic	Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm)
Antineuralgic	Niacin found in Root (17 ppm) Thiamin found in Root (2.6 ppm)
Antineuramidase	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm)
Antineurasthenic	Thiamin found in Root (2.6 ppm)
Antineuritic	Thiamin found in Root (2.6 ppm)
Antineuropathic	Thiamin found in Root (2.6 ppm) Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Antineurotic	Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm)
Antinitrosaminic	Caffeic-acid found in Plant Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot Ferulic-acid found in Plant Myrcene found in Fruit Quercetin found in Leaf
Antinitrosic	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm)
Antinociceptive	Luteolin found in Leaf Myrcene found in Fruit Quercetin found in Leaf Rutin found in Leaf Stigmasterol found in Shoot
Antinyctalopic	Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Antiobesity	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Calcium found in Root (7760 ppm) Chromium found in Root (19 ppm) Fiber found in Root (111000 ppm) Limonene found in Fruit Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Antionychyotic	Caryophyllene found in Root (42 ppm) Silicon found in Root (8 ppm)
Antiophidic	Beta-sitosterol found in Shoot Caffeic-acid found in Plant Stigmasterol found in Shoot
Antiorchitic	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm)
Antiosteoarthritic	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Selenium found in Root (0.5 ppm)
Antiosteoporotic	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Calcium found in Root (7760 ppm) Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm) Manganese found in Root (101 ppm) Phosphorus found in Root (790 ppm) Silicon found in Root (8 ppm) Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Antiotitic	Borneol found in Plant Cichoric-acid found in Flower (31000 ppm);found in Root (21000 ppm)
Antiototic	Manganese found in Root (101 ppm)
Antioxidant	3,5-dicaffeoyl-quinic-acid found in Plant Apigenin found in Leaf Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Beta-carotene found in Root (2.2 ppm) Beta-sitosterol found in Shoot Caffeic-acid found in Plant Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot Ferulic-acid found in Plant Isochlorogenic-acid found in Shoot Kaempferol found in Leaf Luteolin found in Leaf Manganese found in Root (101 ppm) Myrcene found in Fruit Palmitic-acid found in Root Quercetin found in Leaf Riboflavin found in Bark (3 ppm) Rutin found in Leaf Selenium found in Root (0.5 ppm) Stigmasterol found in Shoot Vanillin found in Plant Verbascoside found in Root
Antiozenic	Beta-carotene found in Root (2.2 ppm)
Antipancreatitic	Quercetin found in Leaf
Antipapillomic	Beta-carotene found in Root (2.2 ppm)
Antiparkinsonian	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Niacin found in Root (17 ppm) Selenium found in Root (0.5 ppm)
Antiparotitic	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm)
Antipellagric	Niacin found in Root (17 ppm) Riboflavin found in Bark (3 ppm)
Antiperiodontal	Quercetin found in Leaf
Antiperiodontic	Kaempferol found in Leaf
Antiperiodontitic	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Calcium found in Root (7760 ppm) Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Antiperistaltic	Apigenin found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf
Antipermeability	Quercetin found in Leaf
Antiperoxidant	Caffeic-acid found in Plant Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot Quercetin found in Leaf Rutin found in Leaf
Antipharyngitic	Quercetin found in Leaf
Antiphotophobic	Beta-carotene found in Root (2.2 ppm) Riboflavin found in Bark (3 ppm)
Antipityriasic	Beta-carotene found in Root (2.2 ppm)
Antiplaque	Kaempferol found in Leaf Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm) Quercetin found in Leaf Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Antiplasmodial	Humulene found in Root (12 ppm) Quercetin found in Leaf
Antiplatelet	Rutin found in Leaf
Antipneumonic	Alpha-pinene found in Fruit Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm)
Antipodriac	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Quercetin found in Leaf
Antipolio	Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot Luteolin found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf Vanillin found in Plant
Antipoliomyelitic	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Thiamin found in Root (2.6 ppm)
Antiporphyric	Beta-carotene found in Root (2.2 ppm)
Antiprogestational	Beta-sitosterol found in Shoot
Antiprolactin	Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Antiproliferant	Apigenin found in Leaf Beta-carotene found in Root (2.2 ppm) Caffeic-acid found in Plant Caryophyllene found in Root (42 ppm) Luteolin found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf Rutin found in Leaf Selenium found in Root (0.5 ppm)
Antiprostaglandin	Beta-sitosterol found in Shoot Caffeic-acid found in Plant
Antiprostanoid	Quercetin found in Leaf
Antiprostatadenomic	Beta-sitosterol found in Shoot
Antiprostatitic	Beta-sitosterol found in Shoot Quercetin found in Leaf Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Antiprotozoal	Rutin found in Leaf
Antipsoriac	Beta-carotene found in Root (2.2 ppm) Quercetin found in Leaf
Antipurpuric	Rutin found in Leaf
Antipyretic	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Beta-sitosterol found in Shoot Borneol found in Plant
Antiradicular	3,5-dicaffeoyl-quinic-acid found in Plant Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Beta-carotene found in Root (2.2 ppm) Caffeic-acid found in Plant Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot Cichoric-acid found in Flower (31000 ppm);found in Root (21000 ppm) Ferulic-acid found in Plant Kaempferol found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf Rutin found in Leaf Selenium found in Root (0.5 ppm) Vanillin found in Plant
Antiretinopathic	Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm)
Antiretinotic	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm)
Antirheumatic	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Beta-carotene found in Root (2.2 ppm) Calcium found in Root (7760 ppm) Selenium found in Root (0.5 ppm) Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Antirhinitic	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm)
Antisalmonella	Borneol found in Plant
Antiscorbutic	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm)
Antiscotomic	Niacin found in Root (17 ppm)
Antiseptic	Alpha-pinene found in Fruit Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Beta-pinene found in Fruit Caffeic-acid found in Plant Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot Isochlorogenic-acid found in Shoot Kaempferol found in Leaf Limonene found in Fruit Verbascoside found in Root Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Antiserotonin	Ferulic-acid found in Plant Kaempferol found in Leaf
Antishingles	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm)
Antisickling	Vanillin found in Plant
Antisilicotic	Aluminum found in Root (12900 ppm)
Antispare-Tire	Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Antispasmodic	Alpha-pinene found in Fruit Apigenin found in Leaf Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Beta-pinene found in Fruit Borneol found in Plant Bornyl-acetate found in Plant Caffeic-acid found in Plant Caryophyllene found in Root (42 ppm) Ferulic-acid found in Plant Kaempferol found in Leaf Limonene found in Fruit Luteolin found in Leaf Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm) Myrcene found in Fruit Niacin found in Root (17 ppm) Potassium found in Root (8090 ppm) Quercetin found in Leaf Rutin found in Leaf
Antispasmophilic	Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm)
Antistaph	Echinacoside found in Root (17000 ppm) Verbascoside found in Root
Antistaphylococcic	Alpha-pinene found in Fruit Borneol found in Plant Caffeic-acid found in Plant Caryophyllene found in Root (42 ppm) Cynarin found in Root Kaempferol found in Leaf
Antistomatitic	Caffeic-acid found in Plant Cichoric-acid found in Flower (31000 ppm);found in Root (21000 ppm) Echinacoside found in Root (17000 ppm) Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Antistreptococcic	Caryophyllene found in Root (42 ppm) Cynarin found in Root Quercetin found in Leaf
Antistress	Apigenin found in Leaf Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Beta-carotene found in Root (2.2 ppm) Calcium found in Root (7760 ppm) Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm)
Antistroke	Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm) Potassium found in Root (8090 ppm)
Antisunburn	Caffeic-acid found in Plant Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot Cichoric-acid found in Flower (31000 ppm);found in Root (21000 ppm) Cynarin found in Root Echinacoside found in Root (17000 ppm) Rutin found in Leaf
Antisyndrome-X	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Chromium found in Root (19 ppm) Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm) Manganese found in Root (101 ppm) Selenium found in Root (0.5 ppm) Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Antithiamin	Caffeic-acid found in Plant Quercetin found in Leaf
Antithrombic	Ferulic-acid found in Plant Quercetin found in Leaf
Antithrombogenic	Rutin found in Leaf
Antithyroid	Apigenin found in Leaf Caffeic-acid found in Plant Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot Rutin found in Leaf
Antitic	Calcium found in Root (7760 ppm)
Antitinnitic	Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Antitriglyceride	Chromium found in Root (19 ppm) Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Antitrypanosomic	Quercetin found in Leaf Rutin found in Leaf
Antitumor-Promoter	Caffeic-acid found in Plant Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot Ferulic-acid found in Plant Kaempferol found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf Rutin found in Leaf Vanillin found in Plant
Antitumor	Apigenin found in Leaf Beta-carotene found in Root (2.2 ppm) Caffeic-acid found in Plant Caryophyllene found in Root (42 ppm) Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot Ferulic-acid found in Plant Fiber found in Root (111000 ppm) Kaempferol found in Leaf Limonene found in Fruit Luteolin found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf Rutin found in Leaf Selenium found in Root (0.5 ppm) Vanillin found in Plant Verbascoside found in Root
Antitussive	Luteolin found in Leaf
Antiulcer	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Beta-carotene found in Root (2.2 ppm) Caryophyllene found in Root (42 ppm) Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot Fiber found in Root (111000 ppm) Kaempferol found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf Rutin found in Leaf Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Antiulcerogenic	Caffeic-acid found in Plant Selenium found in Root (0.5 ppm)
Antivaccinia	Caffeic-acid found in Plant
Antivaginitic	Aluminum found in Root (12900 ppm)
Antivaricose	Rutin found in Leaf
Antivertigo	Niacin found in Root (17 ppm)
Antiviral	Alpha-pinene found in Fruit Apigenin found in Leaf Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Beta-sitosterol found in Shoot Bornyl-acetate found in Plant Caffeic-acid found in Plant Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot Cichoric-acid found in Flower (31000 ppm);found in Root (21000 ppm) Echinacoside found in Root (17000 ppm) Ferulic-acid found in Plant Kaempferol found in Leaf Kaempferol-3-o-glucoside found in Leaf Limonene found in Fruit Luteolin found in Leaf Luteolin-7-glucoside found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf Rutin found in Leaf Stigmasterol found in Shoot Vanillin found in Plant
Antixerophthalmic	Beta-carotene found in Root (2.2 ppm)
Antiyeast	Borneol found in Plant Vanillin found in Plant
Anxiolytic	Apigenin found in Leaf Caffeic-acid found in Plant Calcium found in Root (7760 ppm) Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm) Phosphorus found in Root (790 ppm) Potassium found in Root (8090 ppm) Selenium found in Root (0.5 ppm)
Aphidifuge	Luteolin found in Leaf
Apoptotic	Apigenin found in Leaf Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Beta-sitosterol found in Shoot Kaempferol found in Leaf Limonene found in Fruit Luteolin found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf Rutin found in Leaf Selenium found in Root (0.5 ppm)
Aromatase-Inhibitor	Apigenin found in Leaf Kaempferol found in Leaf Luteolin found in Leaf
Artemicide	Beta-sitosterol found in Shoot Stigmasterol found in Shoot
Arteriodilator	Ferulic-acid found in Plant
Asthma-preventive	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm)
Astringent	Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Attifuge	Caryophyllene-epoxide found in Root (26 ppm)
Autotoxic	Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot
Bacteristat	Cichoric-acid found in Flower (31000 ppm);found in Root (21000 ppm) Quercetin found in Leaf Vanillin found in Plant
Beta-Blocker	Fiber found in Root (111000 ppm) Potassium found in Root (8090 ppm)
Beta-Glucuronidase-Inhibitor	Apigenin found in Leaf Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Luteolin found in Leaf
Bifidogenic	Inulin found in Root (200000 ppm)
Bradycardiac	Quercetin found in Leaf
Bronchoprotectant	Limonene found in Fruit
Bruchiphobe	Betaine found in Root
CNS-Active	Caffeic-acid found in Plant Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot Cynarin found in Root
CNS-Depressant	Apigenin found in Leaf Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm)
CNS-Stimulant	Borneol found in Plant Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot
CNS-Toxic	Borneol found in Plant
COMT-Inhibitor	Quercetin found in Leaf Rutoside found in Leaf
COX-1-Inhibitor	Apigenin found in Leaf Beta-carotene found in Root (2.2 ppm)
COX-2-Inhibitor	Apigenin found in Leaf Beta-carotene found in Root (2.2 ppm) Caffeic-acid found in Plant Kaempferol found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf
Calcium-Antagonist	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Caffeic-acid found in Plant Luteolin found in Leaf Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm) Tussilagine found in Root (60 ppm)
Calcium-Channel-Blocker	Calcium found in Root (7760 ppm)
Calmodulin-Antagonist	Quercetin found in Leaf
Cancer-Preventive	Alpha-pinene found in Fruit Apigenin found in Leaf Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Beta-carotene found in Root (2.2 ppm) Beta-sitosterol found in Shoot Caffeic-acid found in Plant Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot Ferulic-acid found in Plant Fiber found in Root (111000 ppm) Isochlorogenic-acid found in Shoot Kaempferol found in Leaf Limonene found in Fruit Luteolin found in Leaf Niacin found in Root (17 ppm) Quercetin found in Leaf Riboflavin found in Bark (3 ppm) Rutin found in Leaf Selenium found in Root (0.5 ppm) Stigmasterol found in Shoot Vanillin found in Plant
Candidicide	Aluminum found in Root (12900 ppm) Beta-pinene found in Fruit Beta-sitosterol found in Shoot Borneol found in Plant Caryophyllene found in Root (42 ppm) Ferulic-acid found in Plant Quercetin found in Leaf Vanillin found in Plant
Candidistat	Limonene found in Fruit
Capillariprotective	Quercetin found in Leaf Rutin found in Leaf
Carcinogenic	Caffeic-acid found in Plant Kaempferol found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf
Cardiac	Ferulic-acid found in Plant
Cardiomyopathogenic	Cobalt found in Root (148 ppm)
Cardioprotective	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Betaine found in Root Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot Chromium found in Root (19 ppm) Fiber found in Root (111000 ppm) Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm) Niacin found in Root (17 ppm) Potassium found in Root (8090 ppm) Selenium found in Root (0.5 ppm) Silicon found in Root (8 ppm)
Cardiotoxic	Potassium found in Root (8090 ppm)
Caspase-8-Inducer	Beta-sitosterol found in Shoot
Catabolic	Quercetin found in Leaf Rutin found in Leaf
Chemopreventive	Beta-carotene found in Root (2.2 ppm) Caffeic-acid found in Plant Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot Limonene found in Fruit Luteolin found in Leaf Myrcene found in Fruit Rutin found in Leaf
Cholagogue	Caffeic-acid found in Plant Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot Cynarin found in Root Ferulic-acid found in Plant
Choleretic	Apigenin found in Leaf Borneol found in Plant Caffeic-acid found in Plant Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot Cynarin found in Root Ferulic-acid found in Plant Kaempferol found in Leaf Kaempferol-3-o-glucoside found in Leaf Luteolin found in Leaf Rutoside found in Leaf Vanillin found in Plant
Cholesterolytic	Cynarin found in Root Limonene found in Fruit
Circulotonic	Niacin found in Root (17 ppm)
Clastogenic	Caffeic-acid found in Plant Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot
Co-carcinogenic	Caffeic-acid found in Plant
Cold-preventive	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm)
Coleoptophile	Alpha-pinene found in Fruit
Collagen-Sparing	Caffeic-acid found in Plant Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot Cichoric-acid found in Flower (31000 ppm);found in Root (21000 ppm) Cynarin found in Root Echinacoside found in Root (17000 ppm)
Collagenic	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Colorant	Beta-carotene found in Root (2.2 ppm)
Copper-Antagonist	Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Copper-Chelator	Kaempferol found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf
Cyclooxygenase-Inhibitor	Apigenin found in Leaf Kaempferol found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf
Cytochrome-P450-1A1-Inhibitor	Apigenin found in Leaf
Cytochrome-P450-1A2-Inhibitor	Quercetin found in Leaf
Cytoprotective	Caffeic-acid found in Plant Cynarin found in Root Rutin found in Leaf
Cytotoxic	Apigenin found in Leaf Caffeic-acid found in Plant Kaempferol found in Leaf Luteolin found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf Verbascoside found in Root
DNA-Active	Caffeic-acid found in Plant
DNA-Protective	Apigenin found in Leaf Caffeic-acid found in Plant
Deiodinase-Inhibitor	Apigenin found in Leaf Luteolin found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf
Deodorant	Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Depressant	Selenium found in Root (0.5 ppm)
Detoxicant	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Limonene found in Fruit
Differentiator	Apigenin found in Leaf Luteolin found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf
Diuretic	Apigenin found in Leaf Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Betaine found in Root Caffeic-acid found in Plant Calcium found in Root (7760 ppm) Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot Cynarin found in Root Fiber found in Root (111000 ppm) Kaempferol found in Leaf Luteolin found in Leaf Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm) Potassium found in Root (8090 ppm)
Emmenagogue	Betaine found in Root
Encephalopathic	Aluminum found in Root (12900 ppm)
Energizer	Chromium found in Root (19 ppm)
Enterocontractant	Limonene found in Fruit
Ergogenic	Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Erythrocytogenic	Cobalt found in Root (148 ppm)
Estrogenic	Apigenin found in Leaf Beta-sitosterol found in Shoot Kaempferol found in Leaf Luteolin found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf Stigmasterol found in Shoot
Ethanolytic	Betaine found in Root
Expectorant	Alpha-pinene found in Fruit Betaine found in Root Bornyl-acetate found in Plant Inulin found in Root (200000 ppm) Limonene found in Fruit
FLavor	Alpha-pinene found in Fruit Beta-pinene found in Fruit Borneol found in Plant Bornyl-acetate found in Plant Caryophyllene found in Root (42 ppm) Limonene found in Fruit Myrcene found in Fruit Palmitic-acid found in Root Vanillin found in Plant
Febrifuge	Beta-sitosterol found in Shoot
Fibrinolytic	Niacin found in Root (17 ppm)
Fistula-Preventive	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm)
Fungicide	Borneol found in Plant Caffeic-acid found in Plant Caryophyllene found in Root (42 ppm) Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot Ferulic-acid found in Plant Kaempferol found in Leaf Myrcene found in Fruit Quercetin found in Leaf Selenium found in Root (0.5 ppm) Vanillin found in Plant Verbascoside found in Root
Fungiphilic	Limonene found in Fruit
Fungistat	Caryophyllene-epoxide found in Root (26 ppm) Limonene found in Fruit
GST-Inducer	Limonene found in Fruit
Gastroprotective	Beta-carotene found in Root (2.2 ppm) Caryophyllene found in Root (42 ppm)
Gastrostimulant	Inulin found in Root (200000 ppm)
Glucosyl-Transferase-Inhibitor	Quercetin found in Leaf
Gonadotrophic	Beta-sitosterol found in Shoot
HIF-1alpha-Inhibitor	Apigenin found in Leaf
HIV-RT-Inhibitor	Kaempferol found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf
Hemolytic	Palmitic-acid found in Root
Hemostat	Quercetin found in Leaf Rutin found in Leaf
Hepatocarcinogenic	Caffeic-acid found in Plant
Hepatomagenic	Quercetin found in Leaf Rutin found in Leaf
Hepatoprotective	Beta-sitosterol found in Shoot Betaine found in Root Borneol found in Plant Caffeic-acid found in Plant Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot Cynarin found in Root Ferulic-acid found in Plant Kaempferol found in Leaf Luteolin found in Leaf Niacin found in Root (17 ppm) Quercetin found in Leaf Rutin found in Leaf
Hepatoregenerative	Cynarin found in Root
Hepatotonic	Cynarin found in Root
Hepatotoxic	Niacin found in Root (17 ppm)
Hepatotropic	Caffeic-acid found in Plant Ferulic-acid found in Plant
Herbicide	Alpha-pinene found in Fruit Beta-pinene found in Fruit Borneol found in Plant Ferulic-acid found in Plant Limonene found in Fruit
Histamine-Inhibitor	Caffeic-acid found in Plant Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot
Histaminic	Limonene found in Fruit
Hyaluronidase-Inhibitor	Apigenin found in Leaf Cichoric-acid found in Flower (31000 ppm);found in Root (21000 ppm) Echinacin found in Root Luteolin found in Leaf
Hydrocholerectic	Ferulic-acid found in Plant
Hypercholesterolemic	Palmitic-acid found in Root
Hyperemic	Cynarin found in Root
Hypertensive	Sodium found in Root (90 ppm) Verbascoside found in Root
Hypocholesterolemic	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Beta-sitosterol found in Shoot Calcium found in Root (7760 ppm) Chromium found in Root (19 ppm) Cynarin found in Root Fiber found in Root (111000 ppm) Inulin found in Root (200000 ppm) Luteolin found in Leaf Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm) Niacin found in Root (17 ppm) Rutin found in Leaf Stigmasterol found in Shoot
Hypoglycemic	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Beta-sitosterol found in Shoot Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot Chromium found in Root (19 ppm) Inulin found in Root (200000 ppm) Manganese found in Root (101 ppm) Niacin found in Root (17 ppm) Quercetin found in Leaf
Hypolipidemic	Beta-sitosterol found in Shoot Cynarin found in Root Ferulic-acid found in Plant Niacin found in Root (17 ppm)
Hypotensive	Apigenin found in Leaf Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Calcium found in Root (7760 ppm) Chromium found in Root (19 ppm) Fiber found in Root (111000 ppm) Kaempferol found in Leaf Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm) Potassium found in Root (8090 ppm) Rutin found in Leaf Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Hypothermic	Myrcene found in Fruit
Hypotriglyceridemic	Cynarin found in Root
Hypouricemic	Fiber found in Root (111000 ppm)
ICAM-1-Inhibitor	Apigenin found in Leaf Kaempferol found in Leaf Luteolin found in Leaf
IKK-Inhibitor	Apigenin found in Leaf Luteolin found in Leaf
Immunomodulator	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Chromium found in Root (19 ppm) Limonene found in Fruit Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm) Rutin found in Leaf Selenium found in Root (0.5 ppm) Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Immunostimulant	Arabinogalactan found in Root Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Beta-carotene found in Root (2.2 ppm) Caffeic-acid found in Plant Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot Cichoric-acid found in Flower (31000 ppm);found in Root (21000 ppm) Echinacoside found in Root (17000 ppm) Ferulic-acid found in Plant Inulin found in Root (200000 ppm) Phosphorus found in Root (790 ppm) Selenium found in Root (0.5 ppm) Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Immunosuppressant	Vanillin found in Plant Verbascoside found in Root Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Inhalant	Borneol found in Plant
Inotropic	Apigenin found in Leaf Kaempferol found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf
Insect-Repellent	Borneol found in Plant
Insecticide	Alpha-pinene found in Fruit Echinacein found in Root (100 ppm) Limonene found in Fruit Ponticaepoxide found in Root Rutin found in Leaf
Insectifuge	Alpha-pinene found in Fruit Beta-pinene found in Fruit Borneol found in Plant Bornyl-acetate found in Plant Caffeic-acid found in Plant Caryophyllene found in Root (42 ppm) Caryophyllene-epoxide found in Root (26 ppm) Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot Ferulic-acid found in Plant Limonene found in Fruit Myrcene found in Fruit Thiamin found in Root (2.6 ppm)
Insectiphile	Alpha-pinene found in Fruit Rutin found in Leaf
Insulinogenic	Chromium found in Root (19 ppm) Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm) Quercetin found in Leaf Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Interferon-Synergist	Beta-carotene found in Root (2.2 ppm)
Interferonogenic	Arabinogalactan found in Root Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot
Interleukin-6-Inhibitor	Apigenin found in Leaf Limonene found in Fruit
Iodothyronine-Deiodinase-Inhibitor	Kaempferol found in Leaf Luteolin found in Leaf
Irritant	Alpha-pinene found in Fruit Beta-pinene found in Fruit Borneol found in Plant Caryophyllene found in Root (42 ppm) Limonene found in Fruit Myrcene found in Fruit Vanillin found in Plant
JNK-Inhibitor	Kaempferol found in Leaf
Juvabional	Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot Echinolone found in Root Quercetin found in Leaf Rutin found in Leaf
Larvicide	Caryophyllene found in Root (42 ppm) Caryophyllene-epoxide found in Root (26 ppm)
Larvistat	Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot Quercetin found in Leaf Rutin found in Leaf
Laxative	Calcium found in Root (7760 ppm) Fiber found in Root (111000 ppm) Inulin found in Root (200000 ppm) Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm)
Leptingenic	Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Leukotriene-Inhibitor	Caffeic-acid found in Plant Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot
Lipolytic	Cynarin found in Root Inulin found in Root (200000 ppm) Limonene found in Fruit
Lipotropic	Betaine found in Root
Lipoxygenase-Inhibitor	Caffeic-acid found in Plant Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot Kaempferol found in Leaf Luteolin found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf Rutin found in Leaf Verbascoside found in Root
Lithogenic	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm)
Litholytic	Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm)
Lubricant	Palmitic-acid found in Root
Lyase-Inhibitor	Caffeic-acid found in Plant
MAO-A-Inhibitor	Quercetin found in Leaf
MAO-Inhibitor	Apigenin found in Leaf Kaempferol found in Leaf
MAPK-Inhibitor	Apigenin found in Leaf Luteolin found in Leaf
MMP-9-Inhibitor	Luteolin found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf
Mast-Cell-Stabilizer	Quercetin found in Leaf
Memorigenic	Chromium found in Root (19 ppm)
Metal-Chelator	Caffeic-acid found in Plant Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot Ferulic-acid found in Plant
Metalloproteinase-Inhibitor	Luteolin found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf
Mitogenic	Arabinogalactan found in Root
Mosquitocide	Caryophyllene found in Root (42 ppm)
Mucogenic	Beta-carotene found in Root (2.2 ppm) Betaine found in Root Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Mucolytic	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm)
Musculotropic	Apigenin found in Leaf
Mutagenic	Apigenin found in Leaf Kaempferol found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf Rutin found in Leaf
Myoprotective	Rutin found in Leaf
Myorelaxant	Apigenin found in Leaf Borneol found in Plant Bornyl-acetate found in Plant Limonene found in Fruit Luteolin found in Leaf Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm) Myrcene found in Fruit Rutin found in Leaf
NADH-Oxidase-Inhibitor	Apigenin found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf
NEP-Inhibitor	Luteolin found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf
NF-kB-Inhibitor	Apigenin found in Leaf Luteolin found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf Selenium found in Root (0.5 ppm) Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
NO-Genic	Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot Limonene found in Fruit
NO-Inhibitor	Kaempferol found in Leaf Luteolin found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf
NO-Synthase-Inhibitor	Apigenin found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf
Natriuretic	Kaempferol found in Leaf
Nematicide	Borneol found in Plant Limonene found in Fruit Palmitic-acid found in Root
Neuroprotective	Kaempferol found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf Thiamin found in Root (2.6 ppm)
Neurotransmitter	Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm)
Nodulation-Signal	Apigenin found in Leaf
Ornithine-Decarboxylase-Inhibitor	Apigenin found in Leaf Caffeic-acid found in Plant Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot Ferulic-acid found in Plant Limonene found in Fruit Quercetin found in Leaf Selenium found in Root (0.5 ppm)
Osteogenic	Phosphorus found in Root (790 ppm)
Oviposition-Stimulant	Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot Rutin found in Leaf
Ovulant	Stigmasterol found in Shoot
Ozone-Scavenger	Limonene found in Fruit
P21-Inducer	Apigenin found in Leaf
P450-2B1-Inhibitor	Alpha-pinene found in Fruit Myrcene found in Fruit
P450-Inducer	Limonene found in Fruit Quercetin found in Leaf
P450-Inhibitor	Quercetin found in Leaf
PAF-Inhibitor	Kaempferol found in Leaf Rutin found in Leaf
PGE2-Inhibitor	Quercetin found in Leaf
PKC-Inhibitor	Apigenin found in Leaf Verbascoside found in Root
PTK-Inhibitor	Apigenin found in Leaf Luteolin found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf
Perfumery	Alpha-pinene found in Fruit Beta-pinene found in Fruit Borneol found in Plant Caryophyllene found in Root (42 ppm) Myrcene found in Fruit Vanillin found in Plant
Peristaltic	Limonene found in Fruit
Phagocytotic	Arabinogalactan found in Root Beta-carotene found in Root (2.2 ppm) Cichoric-acid found in Flower (31000 ppm);found in Root (21000 ppm) Ferulic-acid found in Plant Heteroxylan found in Root (800 ppm)
Pheromone	Germacrene-d found in Root
Phospholipase-Inhibitor	Quercetin found in Leaf
Photosensitizer	Limonene found in Fruit
Phytoalexin	Verbascoside found in Root
Plasmodicide	Quercetin found in Leaf
Polyamine-Synthesis-Inhibitor	Apigenin found in Leaf Selenium found in Root (0.5 ppm)
Prebiotic	Inulin found in Root (200000 ppm)
Preservative	Ferulic-acid found in Plant
Probiotic	Inulin found in Root (200000 ppm)
Probiotigenic	Inulin found in Root (200000 ppm)
Progestational	Apigenin found in Leaf
Proliferant	Luteolin found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf
Prooxidant	Beta-carotene found in Root (2.2 ppm) Caffeic-acid found in Plant Iron found in Root (4800 ppm)
Propecic	Palmitic-acid found in Root
Prostaglandigenic	Caffeic-acid found in Plant Ferulic-acid found in Plant
Prostaglandin-Sparer	Selenium found in Root (0.5 ppm)
Prostaglandin-Synthesis-Inhibitor	Ferulic-acid found in Plant Quercetin found in Leaf
Prostaglandin-Synthetase-Inhibitor	Luteolin found in Leaf
Protein-Kinase-C-Inhibitor	Apigenin found in Leaf Luteolin found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf Selenium found in Root (0.5 ppm)
Protisticide	Kaempferol found in Leaf Rutin found in Leaf
Quinone-Reductase-Inducer	Apigenin found in Leaf Kaempferol found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf
Radioprotective	Apigenin found in Leaf Rutin found in Leaf
Sedative	Alpha-pinene found in Fruit Apigenin found in Leaf Borneol found in Plant Bornyl-acetate found in Plant Caffeic-acid found in Plant Caryophyllene found in Root (42 ppm) Limonene found in Fruit Niacin found in Root (17 ppm) Stigmasterol found in Shoot
Serotoninergic	Niacin found in Root (17 ppm)
Sialogogue	Echinacein found in Root (100 ppm)
Soap	Palmitic-acid found in Root
Spasmogenic	Alpha-pinene found in Fruit Beta-pinene found in Fruit
Spermicide	Beta-sitosterol found in Shoot
Spermigenic	Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Succinoxidase-Inhibitor	Luteolin found in Leaf
Sunscreen	Apigenin found in Leaf Caffeic-acid found in Plant Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot Ferulic-acid found in Plant Rutin found in Leaf
Sweetener	Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot Cynarin found in Root
TNF-alpha-Inhibitor	Apigenin found in Leaf Kaempferol found in Leaf Luteolin found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf
Taenicide	Tin found in Root (1.7 ppm)
Teratologic	Kaempferol found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf
Termitifuge	Caryophyllene found in Root (42 ppm)
Testosteronigenic	Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Thymoprotective	Beta-carotene found in Root (2.2 ppm)
Topoisomerase-I-Inhibitor	Apigenin found in Leaf Kaempferol found in Leaf Luteolin found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf
Topoisomerase-II-Inhibitor	Apigenin found in Leaf Kaempferol found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf Rutin found in Leaf
Tranquilizer	Alpha-pinene found in Fruit Borneol found in Plant Calcium found in Root (7760 ppm) Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm)
Transdermal	Alpha-pinene found in Fruit Beta-pinene found in Fruit Limonene found in Fruit
Trichomonicide	Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Tumorigenic	Caffeic-acid found in Plant Quercetin found in Leaf
Tyrosinase-Inhibitor	Kaempferol found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf
Tyrosine-Kinase-Inhibitor	Quercetin found in Leaf
Ubiquiot	Beta-carotene found in Root (2.2 ppm) Beta-sitosterol found in Shoot
Ulcerogenic	Beta-sitosterol found in Shoot
Uricosuric	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm)
Urinary-Acidulant	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm)
Uterorelaxant	Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm)
Uterosedative	Ferulic-acid found in Plant
Uterotrophic	Apigenin found in Leaf Kaempferol found in Leaf
VEGF-Inhibitor	Apigenin found in Leaf Luteolin found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf Selenium found in Root (0.5 ppm)
Vasodilator	Apigenin found in Leaf Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Calcium found in Root (7760 ppm) Fiber found in Root (111000 ppm) Kaempferol found in Leaf Luteolin found in Leaf Magnesium found in Root (1860 ppm) Niacin found in Root (17 ppm) Potassium found in Root (8090 ppm) Quercetin found in Leaf Rutin found in Leaf
Vasopressor	Rutin found in Leaf
Vulnerary	Ascorbic-acid found in Leaf (2140 ppm);found in Root (843 ppm) Caffeic-acid found in Plant Chlorogenic-acid found in Shoot Echinacin found in Root Zinc found in Root (5.1 ppm)
Xanthine-Oxidase-Inhibitor	Apigenin found in Leaf Caffeic-acid found in Plant Luteolin found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf
cAMP-Phosphodiesterase-Inhibitor	Kaempferol found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf Rutin found in Leaf
iNOS-Inhibitor	Apigenin found in Leaf Kaempferol found in Leaf Luteolin found in Leaf Quercetin found in Leaf

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